~GANDHI~

B1. Why did Gandhi go to live in South Africa? He worked as a lawyer and was sent to South Africa to work for an Indian company.

B2. What did he think about the treatment of Indian people there? What did he do as a result of his experiences? He was discriminated by the South African people, when he was expelled from a train of first class just because they didn't want an Indian passenger there. He started thinking about the human rights, so he spent twenty years defending the Indian rights in that zone.

B3. According to Gandhi, what is the most effective form of protest? He thought it was the non-violent protest, because then he could achieve the political change avoiding war, even if they were beaten or imprisoned, they should never show anger and try to fight.

B4. What does Mahatma mean? It means "Great Soul", and he was named like that after he fought for human rights and independance.

B5. Why did Gandhi think that Indians shouldn't fight for Britain in WWII? He thought that they shouldn't fight in favour of Britain in other countries if they didn't have freedom at their own, and they wanted their independance.

B6. Why was Gandhi assassinated? He was assassinated because he didn't want India to become two different countries. But when the division took place, he worked hard for the peace between both India and Pakistan. In 1948 a Hindu nationalist shot and killed him because he thought that he was doing too much for the muslims and he prefered them to Indian people.

B7. Gandhi once said that ''An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind''. What do you think that he meant by that? How did it influence his method of protest? It means that if people keep on fighting against each other, they will end up being punished or harmed with severity, and Gandhi thought that the idea of "justice" should be replaced by forgiveness and peace, which he promoted in his protests.

THE SALT MARCH

B8. Why did Gandhi go on the Salt March? He went to the Salt March to protest against the British tax collecting for the salt making that didn't allow Indian people to produce or collect it.

B9. How did the Salt March inspire other indians? This march inspired other indians because Gandhi collected salt as a symbolic act of defeating the British laws. It inspired Indians to make strikes and boycotts against colonial institutions. Their protest had demonstrated the power of mass resistance against the British rules before they were arrested.

B10. What was satyagraha? It means "truth" and "insistence", but for Gandhi it was more than passive resistance. His peaceful protests became his strength, and he said that he chose the word Satyagraha because truth means love and insistence means force, so that word meant that it was a force born from truth and love: the same as non-violence meant to him.

B11. What happened at the Dharasana Salt works? How did this affect international opinion about British rule in India? Dharasana Salt was a protest against the salt tax imposed by the British in 1930. After the Salt March finished, Gandhi joined a non-violent incursion of the Dharasana Salt Works in Gujarat as a protest against the rule of the British Raj. Indian soldiers under british command beat lots of satyagrahis in this protest. The world became attracted by the Indian independence movemen, and it led to question the British government in India.

B12. What happened to Gandhi as a result of the Salt March? After the Salt Marh, thousands of people were sent to prison because they joined it and didn't resist the violent arrests of the police becaused of what Gandhi said. He was also arrested and spent nine months there, but at the end, the viceroy recognized his impotence to impose the British law without violence, so he freed all the prisoners and Indians were finally recognized the right to collect the salt they deserved.